Abstract
Advancements in information and communication technology, and online web users have given attention to the virtual representation of each user, which is crucial for effective service personalization. Meeting users need and preferences is an ongoing challenge in service personalization. This issue can be addressed through the building of a comprehensive user profile. A user profile is the summary of the user's interests, characteristics, behaviours, and preferences, while user profiling is the system of collecting, organizing and inferring the user profile information. Many reviews on user profiling have been conducted but none focused on the effective profile modeling process. Hence, this article aims to provide a review of the recent state-of-the-art approach to user profiling. These include methods, description, characteristics, and taxonomy of the user profile. The study of the existing user profiling modeling in the aspect of data acquisition, feature extraction, profiling techniques, and profiling approaches (with the identification of their strengths and weaknesses) and the performance measures are also provided. In addition, the research challenges were also discussed with a focus on privacy, datasets, cold start issues, trust issues, and computational complexity. Moreover, the article identified an open research direction that serves as solutions to the identified challenges and motivation for further researchers in advancing user profiling. The findings showed that an effective modeling process enhances the construction of accurate user profile for service personalization.
Highlights
Advancements in information and communication technology has brought an obvious need to have personalized information systems, whose goal is to adapt informationexchange functionality to the specific interest of their users
This article has carried out a survey on various approaches for user profiling
A user profile is the representation of the users’ need, preferences, interests, and behavior whereas user profiling is the practice of gathering, organizing and interpreting the user profile information
Summary
Advancements in information and communication technology has brought an obvious need to have personalized information systems, whose goal is to adapt informationexchange functionality to the specific interest of their users. User personalization research is a current field of study that dispersed among various domains such as artificial intelligence, data mining, and information science [1]. The existing search engine according to Alaoui et al [3] is inefficient and cannot satisfy the user’s needs because of the exponential number of services The assessing of the user’s query does not rely on the preference of the user who issued the query and the query contents. The same query issued by two different users produces similar results despite that they specified different preferences in their query contents. To tackle these issues, there is a need to build a system that offers users information
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