A Survey of Registered Dietitians' Perceptions of Constructivist and Behaviorist Instructional Approaches and Delivery Methods in Accredited Dietetics Programs

Abstract

This purpose of this research study was to test learning theories and models of teaching (constructivist vs. behaviorist) used in dietetic education programs. Additionally, the focus of accreditation for dietetics education is the quality and integrity of a program regardless of its instructional delivery method. Therefore, this study examined the variations between on-line and on-campus delivery methods. Research questions that guided this study included: 1) To what extent do educators use constructivist or behaviorist theoretical approaches during instructional delivery? 2) What are the differences in learning between on-line education and oncampus delivery methods? 3) As far as constructivist and behaviorist teaching methods impact learning, is there an interaction between instructional style and delivery method? 4) How do constructivist and behaviorist teaching methods impact learning (as measured by RD exam score, GPA, and perceived level of knowledge and skills) to work as an entry level dietitian)? A 106-item survey was developed by the author and adapted from previously developed instruments including the Teaching Belief Survey and the Constructivist Learning Environment Survey. Multiple interaction effects were found, indicating that constructivist and behaviorist teaching strategies and learning environments are not mutually exclusive nor is either one considered to be superior to the other. Descriptive statistics such as means and percentages were used to compare response distributions. Factor analysis was performed and the value of Cronbach’s alpha for all of the components was calculated. Paired sample t-tests, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients were used to compare on-line and on-campus responses. Multiple linear regressions and path analysis were also used as part of the data analysis process.