A survey of direct time-integration methods in computational structural dynamics—II. Implicit methods

Abstract

Conventional implicit time-integration procedures, viz. Newmark, Wilson-θ and Houbolt methods, the formulation, computational step-by-step procedures for linear and nonlinear structural dynamics problems are given here. Relative merits and stability aspects of these methods are described. Also presented are the Trujillo-modified Newmark-beta method and implicit formulae derived via the popular weighted residual approach by Zienkiewicz's group. Salient features of the implicit algorithms are discussed.