Abstract
An atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) causing congenital tremor type A-II in piglets was identified in China in 2016. An increased number of cases of APPV have been reported in various countries all over the world since 2015. This study aimed to develop an effective subunit vaccine against APPV based on the E2 protein, which is the main immunogenicity protein of APPV. In this study, E2 protein was successfully expressed by the baculovirus expression system. E2 protein was confirmed by Western blot assay, which showed that E2 protein possesses N-linked glycosylation sites. The immunogenicity of E2 subunit vaccine was evaluated in mice. The E2 protein emulsified with ISA 201VG adjuvant induced significantly higher levels of APPV-specific antibodies and elicited stronger lymphocyte proliferative responses and higher interleukin-10 secretion than those of the E2 protein emulsified with IMS 1313VG adjuvant. This observation indicates that the E2 subunit vaccine induces a Th2-type immune response. Our results showed that E2 protein can be developed as a safe and effective subunit vaccine for the control of APPV infection.
Highlights
Porcine congenital tremor (CT) is a disease of newborn piglets
Difference in SI was observed between E2-IMS 1313VG group and E2-ISA 201VG group (p > 0.05). These results indicate that immunization of atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) E2 protein in mice can strengthen proliferative. These results indicate that immunization of APPV E2 protein in mice can strengthen proliferative response and T cell activation
The IgG1 antibody is a representative of Th2-type immune response. These results suggest that the APPV E2 subunit vaccine induces Th2 type-dominant immune response in mice
Summary
Porcine congenital tremor (CT) is a disease of newborn piglets. It is characterized by serious pathological damage to the brain and spinal cord and manifests as tremors of the head and limbs [1,2].Kinsley et al reported CT for the first time in 1922 [1]. Porcine congenital tremor (CT) is a disease of newborn piglets. It is characterized by serious pathological damage to the brain and spinal cord and manifests as tremors of the head and limbs [1,2]. Kinsley et al reported CT for the first time in 1922 [1]. CT has widely emerged in the pig industry worldwide. Research has divided CT into five subgroups on the basis of cause, and type A-II cases have been considered with the causative agent [1]. B.L. et al have reported that CT type
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