Abstract
The plateau effect in training is a significant obstacle for professional athletes and average subjects. It evolves from both the muscle-nerve-axis-associated performance and various cardiorespiratory parameters. Compensatory adaptation mechanisms contribute to a lack of continuous improvement with most exercise regimens. Attempts to overcome this plateau in exercise have been only partially successful, and it remains a significant unmet need in both healthy subjects and those suffering from chronic neuromuscular, cardiopulmonary, and metabolic diseases. Variability patterns characterize many biological processes, from cellular to organ levels. The present review discusses the significant obstacles in overcoming the plateau in training and establishes a platform to implement subject-tailored variability patterns to prevent and overcome this plateau in muscle and cardiorespiratory performance.
Highlights
The plateau effect resulting from compensatory body adaptation mechanisms is described in exercise training and sports and applies to muscle and cardiovascular performance
We describe some of the current measures used for overcoming plateaus in exercise
We describe the use of second-generation artificial intelligence systems which implement subject-tailored variability for improving the response to regular training
Summary
The plateau effect resulting from compensatory body adaptation mechanisms is described in exercise training and sports and applies to muscle and cardiovascular performance. Muscle strength and fatigue adapt differently after several weeks of training to reach the improvement plateau. Multiple mechanisms underlie the development of adaptation and plateaus during exercise, which presents a significant challenge in both healthy subjects and patients with chronic diseases. This narrative review summarizes some of the mechanisms associated with the effect of plateaus in training and provides some recent examples from clinical trials. The earliest changes in DTI after 1 set of trials progressed with the second set but plateaued after the third [15] These examples suggest that reaching a relatively early plateau during training is a significant challenge
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