A study to assess the future 10-year cardiovascular and8-year diabetic risk by using Framingham heartscale in prediabetic subjects

Abstract

Background. Prediabetes is a state characterized by impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance. This implies that prediabetes bears an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. Various risk factors are the reason of the progression of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in prediabetics if factors are not overt. Hence, the present study was undertaken to determine the future 10-year cardiovascular and 8-year diabetic risk by using Framingham heart scale in prediabetic subjects. Materials and methods. Present cross-sectional study was carried out at Department of Physiology, S.P. Medical College & Hospital in collaboration with Diabetic Research Centre P.B.M. Hospital Bikaner (Rajasthan). Prediabetic subjects were identified from first-degree relatives of T2DM patients, enrolled in Diabetic Research Centre P.B.M. Hospital Bikaner. Prediabetics (impaired fasting glucose) subjects were identified on the basis of fasting blood glucose of 100 to 125mg/dl and HbA1c (5.7 to 6.4%) as per American Diabetes Association 2011 guidelines. Consecutive sampling was conducted till sample size satisfied during the period of study. Subjects of age group 20–74 years who had fasting blood glucose of 100–125 mg/dl, HbA1c of 5.7 to 6.4% and gave informed written consent were included in study. Pre-structured performa was used to collect general information, sociodemographic information, baseline physical characteristics, personal habits, biochemical analysis, and for blood parameters. Future 10-year cardiovascular and 8-year diabetic risk were assessed by using Framingham heart scale. Results. Age, occupation, body mass index, diet, smoking, alcohol, truncal obesity and family history of diabetes were significantly associated with the prevalence of T2DM/prediabetes whereas gender and literacy were not. Conclusions. In the present study, it was observed that advanced age, occupational changes, body mass index, substance abuse like smoking, central obesity, exercise, blood pressure and family history of diabetes were highly associated with future risk of T2DM and cardiovascular diseases among prediabetic subjects of first-degree relatives.