A study regarding occlusal plane and posterior disocclusion

Abstract

The occlusal plane (OP) is one of the most important elements involved in occlusal reconstruction in restorative, prosthodontic and orthodontic treatment. The presence or absence of posterior interferences depends primarily on the occlusal plane configuration. In powerful grinding movements of the mandible like bruxism, disocclusion of the posterior teeth is important to prevent the hyperbalance of masticatory muscle activity. We have investigated the relationship between the inclination of the occlusal plane involving the degree of the curve of Spee and the posterior disocclusion during forward or retrusive condylar movement. Results indicated that increasing the inclination of the occlusal plane provides posterior interference during protrusive mandibular movement, while posterior disocclusion is obtained during retrusive movement. Accentuation of the curve of Spee provides elimination of posterior contact during retrusive condylar movements. Therefore, the occlusal plane inclination should be properly and carefully analyzed and must be a part of the diagnosis and treatment planning prior to any occlusal reconstruction.