A study on women, employment and family balance in Sri Lanka

Poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon. Poverty can be measured both in terms of economic, sociological, and psychological aspects. This review discusses one of the poverty reduction schemes implemented by the Ministry of Social Affairs through the E-Warong program from a sociological point of view. Particularly the study of the social networks that have been formed in poverty reduction efforts. E-Warong is a place of business and agency that is managed and owned by poor people who receive KUBE, PKH and Rastra programs which are non-cash implementation. This study took the focus on the case of E-Warong Cahaya Dini In Pekanbaru City. How E-Warong Early Light can minimize the poverty seen from the sociological aspect? From the results of E-Warong Cahaya Dini study able to mensharing resources and information, provide support and learning opportunities or build skills on members and others. The handling of poverty in this case is manifested in the accessibility of e-Warong members in capacity building of social capital, skills and income, although not yet significant.

Aim: The Communications Service of the National Police Headquarters informed the media that body cameras were being tested by the police. The introduction of police body cameras is not only a technological innovation, but also a change that can significantly affect the organisational culture of law enforcement agencies. For this reason, the authors decided to examine the effect of camera footage in shaping the organisational culture of the police. In this study, the authors approach the practice of showing recordings from a sociological point of view, presenting both its advantages and disadvantages. Methodology: The review and analysis of the relevant international literature, as well as domestic experiences and personal experiences gained during practical work, helped to process the topic. The authors approached the topic from its sociological aspect. Findings: In the study, the authors came to the conclusion that there is enough research available regarding the new visibility and visibility, so it is essential to review and utilise body cameras before they are introduced in Hungary. Value: The results of the investigation can be used not only in police work, but also in the education of law enforcement professionals.

This article discusses the problem of Islamic education from a theological and sociological point of view. The emergence of normative and verbalist Islamic education curriculum distorts the universality of Islam. Islam that is contextual in space and time, always in contact with sociological aspects, should be understood as something that can change its partiality dynamics continuously, even though there is a universal thing that is maintained as a normative belief. On the other hand, the failure of education to produce educational output that is dignified and virtuous has caused some people to distrust the world of education in developing the character and ethics of children. The vote of disbelief is getting stronger with the emergence of the National curriculum model which gives a greater portion of general subjects than religious subjects. This paper is a criticism of the development of the world of education in Indonesia, with the hope that education stakeholders make changes to the education system and the applicable curriculum.

The paper discusses some sociological aspects connected with Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), with particular reference to the procedure established by the EC directive 851337. The attention focuses first on the field of Social Impact Assessment (SIA), on its relations with EIA and on the sociological implications of different EIA models. The associated problems concern the different functions of participation, the Identification of the components of the Interested public, their involvement in the procedure and the employment of objective and subjective indicators in the measurement of social impacts. A typology of the social actors facing the procedure and one of the media utilized in the communication flows between public and EIA authorities are proposed. Finally, some examples drawn from EIA legislation in Europe and America are briefly examined from a sociological point of view and some hints are presented for an implementation of European EIA.

This ground-breaking work is the first comprehensive account of the lives of domestic servants in Australia. It shows the significance of domestic service for Australia's society and economy, from 1788 to the present day. For many years, domestic service was the most important form of paid employment for Australian women. European Australia has often seen domestic service as a civilizing force. It made possible a cultured life for the leisured classes, and promoted middleclass ideals of domesticity and fertility. The house was the architectural stage for the domestic theatre of social confrontation and accommodation. Barry Higman explores demography, technological changes, urbanisation and industrialisation, wealth inequalities, the economic role of women, household structure, childcare, the dual-career family, immigration policy, community organisation and much more in this major new book.

This article examines changes in the marriage age limit for women in Indonesia, from sixteen to nineteen years. This change was made through Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning Amendments to Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage. This study examines how the philosophical review of changes in the age limit for marriage is in the health, sociological, psychological, educational, and constitutional aspects. For this purpose, this study uses the library research method. The primary data source is Law Number 16 of 2019, while secondary data is the academic text of Draft Law Number 16 of 2019. This study shows that, firstly, in terms of health, changing the age limit for marriage maintains the safety of girls’ lives. Second, on the sociological aspect, this change provides opportunities for women to prepare themselves to enter social interaction in society. Third, on the psychological part, this change protects women’s psyche, mentality, and mind. Fourth, in education, this change is to provide opportunities for women to be freer to study. Fifth, on the constitutional aspect, this change provides equal rights for men and women in obtaining legal protection and justice.

ABSTRACTThis study examined whether relationship maintenance buffers the stress of balancing work and family. Sixty-two dual-earning couples and their adolescents completed surveys at the beginning and end of the week, recorded their stress throughout the week, and collected saliva on two consecutive days in the middle of the week. When mothers and fathers received more maintenance from each other and adolescents received more maintenance from their parents over the past month (T1), it was associated with a greater rise in cortisol awakening response. Greater maintenance received over the past month was also associated with lower interleukin-6 in adolescents and lower perceived stress during the week for fathers and adolescents. Finally, less maintenance the past month predicted greater conflict during the week for mothers, which predicted less satisfaction balancing work and family. Less maintenance over the past month and conflict during the week also predicted loneliness for both parents.

This article aims to contribute to the discussion of understanding the sociological aspects of security risks as social phenomena. This derives from the General Theory of Risks, which emphasizes the following features of risks: that the possibility exists for an unfavorable occurrence, that this could accompany some human activity associated with the decision-making process, that it will originate in the uncertainty of the human actor's environment, that it will be increased by the influence of subjective factors, and that it will manifest itself in losses, damage, and other harm. The sociological perspective on risk , aside from analyzing it as a social process, is particularly connected with the concept of a risk society and social deviation theory (social pathology).A sociological point of view on security is still lacking or otherwise linked with other problems. This gap can be bridged by viewing security as an anthropocentric issue. Another possible starting point for the research of security risks is to regard the security system as a complex social system. From the sociological point of view, both military and non-military risks represent fundamental types of security risks. When examining security risks it is possible to differentiate between the views of the military (political-military), the police (criminology), and the intelligence services, in terms of their practical goals. This practical analysis of security risks gives rise to further questions. These could include the development of a dynamic perspective, the accuracy of their evaluation, and the level of their security as a group.

One of the Government Affairs which falls under the authority of the Regional Government is to carry out Mandatory Government Affairs which are not related to Basic Services, namely Investment as regulated in Article 12 paragraph (2) point I of Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government. To encourage community and private sector participation, Regional Government administrators can provide incentives and/or facilities to the community and/or investors as regulated in Regional Regulations (PERDA). Drafting regional regulations must begin with conducting academic studies from philosophical, sociological, and juridical aspects. This research is normative legal research by collecting secondary data which is analyzed using the concept of deductive logic. Academic studies from the philosophical basis of the formation of this Regional Regulation are in order to create a prosperous society as the state's goal in the Preamble to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia through investment instruments. From a sociological point of view, the formation of this Draft Regional Regulation means that there is a lot of regional potential that can be offered to investors or the public if they want to invest their capital or carry out business activities. However, attracting the interest of investors or the public requires extra efforts, such as through providing incentives or providing various business conveniences. From a juridical point of view, the formation of this Draft Regional Regulation is to carry out the mandate as well as freedom from higher regulations such as Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government and its amendments, and Government Regulation Number 24 of 2019 concerning Providing Incentives and Facilitation of Investment in the Regions. which gives authority to regions to be creative and provide solutions in attracting investment to their regions to support development and improve community welfare.
 
 Salah satu Urusan Pemerintahan yang menjadi kewenangan Pemerintah Daerah adalah menyelenggarakan Urusan Pemerintahan Wajib yang tidak berkaitan dengan Pelayanan Dasar, yakni Penanaman Modal sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 12 ayat (2) butir I UU Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah. Untuk mendorong peran sertamasyarakat dan sektor swasta tersebut penyelenggara Pemerintahan Daerah dapat memberikan insentif dan/atau kemudahan kepada masyarakat dan/atau investor yang diatur dalam Peraturan Daerah (PERDA). Dalam penyusunan rancangan peraturan daerah haruslah dimulai dengan melakukan kajian akademik dari aspek Filosifis, sosiologis dan yuridis. Penelitian ini merupkan penelitian hukum normatif dengan mengumpulkan data-data secara sekunder yang dianlisis dengan konsep logika deduktif. Kajian akademik dari sudut landasan Filosofis pembentukan Peraturan Daerah ini adalah dalam rangka mewujudkan masyarakat yang sejahtera sebagaimana tujuan negara dalam Pembukaan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 melalui instrumen investasi. Dari sudut sosiologis pembentukan Rancangan Peraturan Daerah ini adalah bahwa banyak potensi daerah yang dapat ditawarkan kepada Investor atau Masyarakat apabila ingin menanamkan modalnya atau melakukan kegiatan usaha. Namun untuk menggiring minat Investor atau Masyarakat memerlukan upaya ekstra seperti melalui pemberian Insentif atau memberikan berbagai kemudahan berusaha. Dari sudut yuridis dalam pembentukan Rancangan Peraturan Daerah ini adalah menjalankan amanat sekaligus keleluasaan dari peraturan-peraturan yang lebih tinggi seperti Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah berikut perubahannya, dan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 24 Tahun 2019 tentang Pemberian Insentif dan Kemudahan Investasi Di Daerah yang memberikan kewenangan bagi daerah untuk berkreasi dan solutif dalam menarik investasi ke daerahnya guna mendukung pembangunan dan peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat.

The purpose of this study is to analyze and find the factors that influence legal aid for the underprivileged in Indonesia. This type of research is qualitative research. Research Approach The approach (approach) in this study uses a sociological juridical approach from a sociological point of view as an interpretation or interpretation. Sources of data used in this study are: Primary Data and Secondary Data. Data collection methods through observation, interviews, and literature study. Data analysis technique is qualitative data analysis. The results of the study found that the factors that affect legal aid for underprivileged communities in Indonesia, including legal factors, regarding the accreditation provisions of legal aid institutions causing legal aid agencies in operations to not be able to access budgets from the government, and weak access of the poor to legal aid. the fulfillment of their rights to legal aid, institutionally also experiencing a lack of funding, lack of confirmation on the technique of who is the recipient of legal aid, the standard measure that has been used so far is only a formal measure, namely by showing a certificate of incapacity or SKTM and the like. The next weakness is regarding the technical reporting of legal aid activities by institutions/organizations providing legal aid which requires legal aid organizations to frequently go back and forth to the regional office of human rights law to complete administrative completeness. Keywords: The Poor People; Affecting :Legal:Aid; DOI: 10.7176/JLPG/128-06 Publication date: January 31 st 2023

This dissertation aims to understand the process of searching for a job by means of the labor market intermediaries. Our theoretical approach refuses both the type of economic analysis that describes it as a mere rational behavior linking job seekers and employers, and the current sociological perspective that reduces it to a crucial variable on the measurement of the unemployment situation. We assume a different sociological point of view which approaches the search for a job as a social, moral and subjective experience; in this sense, it has to be analyzed taking into account its context, as a negotiated situation, and the job seeker perceptions, experiences and discourses. The empirical research took place during four years (2005 to 2009) in the Barao de Itapetininga street, Sao Paulo downtown, the most important cluster of labor market intermediaries in Sao Paulo Metropolitan Region, which concentrates itself the most important segment of the Brazilian intermediation market. Ethnographic observation, interviews, analysis of documents and secondary data were the main sources in the fieldwork.

The development of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in this decade was also followed by the strengthening of the existence of CSR into normative obligations in various countries. Although only a few countries have done it, Indonesia is a part of it. In East Kalimantan Province, the problem of CSR already exists in the form of legal products that have been passed in the form of local regulations. But in fact, there are still local regulations that end up to the endorsement stage. This study is aimed at formulating the legal basis for the formation, consideration, determination and reference of the preparation of the Regional Regulation of Mahakam Ulu Regency on CSR in terms of philosophical, sociological, and juridical. The object of aggregate research is aimed at mapping the rules about corporate CSR in Mahakam Ulu Regency, so that the data collected includes primary and secondary data in 2018. The research analysis model is based on quantitative and qualitative approaches. Philosophically, there is a company's awareness of a fact or fact that exists in most communities, namely the high difference between prosperity and poverty both at the level of rural communities and the Capital District, especially in the area of ​​Mahakam Ulu Regency. From a sociological point of view, this regional regulation is very useful in building a society that is increasingly left behind. Considering that this new area has a limited population, there has been a development imbalance, so that the dominant population is above the poverty line. In terms of legal aspects, based on policy analysis, which is related to the authority, substance, and regulated material, which indeed does not yet exist, so it is necessary to form a Regional Regulation of the Mahakam Ulu Regency regarding CSR. Keywords: CSR; Philosophical; Sociological; Juridical; Government Regulations; Policies DOI : 10.7176/EJBM/11-31-07 Publication date: November 30 th 2019

The research analysis of graft and corruption has been widely studied and described as the social cancer in the political structure and process of the Philippine society. It has been identified within the realm of political corruption that deterred the economic growth and development as the main cause of underdevelopment in developing countries in Asia and Africa. This study is a culture-based analysis to synthesize the substantive and temporal dimension of Public Administration on its social relationships in the bureaucratic perspectives of graft and corruption in the Philippines. The dialectic consideration of this study proves to be significantly relevant why until now graft and corruption remained to be the major concern even there are effective legal-institutional mechanisms such as anti-corrupt practice act to protect the government resources for the implementation of the pro-poor program in the Philippine society. The critical analysis also reflects on the essence of social acceptance and cultural reciprocity from in sociological point of view on the nature of political corruption. The culture-based approach is guided by the in-group analysis and the social perplexity of human action as to the ethical and social values reflecting inner reality of political corruption in the Philippines.

Mother with dual-career family has a dual role to be performed at the same time. Therefore, as a mother with double plays in a dilemma between family and career interests. Data collection using snow-ball technique to 12 informants and informant election using theoretical sampling. The process of data analysis include braketing, horizonalizing, meaning units to get the description textural, imaginative variation to get the description structural, and blends (composite) into a meaning universal. The results showed that although mothers working face a dilemma in attempting to balance career and family, but for the mother's own career is needs to embodiment her self-and actualization strengthen existence. Their role models, the permission of the husband and the state of children, its potential and the desire to improve family economy, as well as the opportunity to rise to Higher career in work place makes mothers works feel need to work but still retains her role as mother and wife. Keywords : Mother , careers , dual - carrier family and self-actualization Copyright © 2014 by Kafa`ah All right reserved DOI : 10.15548/jk.v4i1.93

Cultural exchange or cheap labour power? Au pairs in SwedenDuring mid 1980’s domestic services were re-introduced in Sweden. It is mostly the dual-career families that demand these services because of the unchanged gender division of labour in the households and their particular career life-styles. An au pair system has established itself in Sweden and many au pairs are recruited from Eastern Europe. This form of domestic service is hidden behind formal rules, stating that the purpose of the au pair system is to let young people get to know Sweden and to learn the Swedish language. Instead, the au pair’s are being used as cheap labour power without being entitled to any labour or civil rights. In this example of commodification though, labour power is not totally disembodied. It is embodied in the sense that some social categories are looked upon as more suitable than others for performing paid household work.