A Study on the Recognition of Problems in Urban and Residential Environment and the Management Alternatives of Neighborhood Units in Korean Government Officials

Abstract

본 연구에서는 도시특성에 따른 생활권계획 수립방향을 도출하고자 도시 입지와 규모에 따라 22개 지자체에서 도시관리 업무를 경험한 공무원을 대상으로 도시ㆍ주거환경의 문제와 생활권 관리방향을 조사하여 도시특성별 도시ㆍ주거지 관리의 방향을 제시하고자 한다. 생활권계획의 수립은 도시기본계획의 하나의 쳅터로서 상세히 작성하는 방법, 도시기본계획의 별권으로 작성하는 방법, 정비기본계획의 일환으로 작성하는 방법 등 다양하며 도시기본계획 용역발주시 지자체에서 정할 수 있는 부분으로 본 연구는 구체적인 실현방법보다는 도시특성에 따른 계획차별화 방향에 초점을 두고자 한다. 따라서 본 연구는 도시특성별 생활권관리 방향의 구체화를 통해 궁극적으로 도시여건에 맞는 도시ㆍ주거환경의 관리가 이뤄지는데 기반이 되는 자료를 제공하고자 한다. 본 연구의 연구문제는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 도시특성에 따라 어떤 도시ㆍ주거환경 문제가 심각한지 파악한다. 둘째, 생활권관리를 통해 비수도권 지역과 중소도시는 어떤 도시ㆍ주거환경 문제 개선이 가능한지 파악한다. 셋째, 도시특성에 따라 생활권관리가 필요한 주요 분야와 세부방안을 파악한다. 조사대상 지자체는 입지에 따라 수도권과 지방, 인구규모에 따라 광역시, 대도시, 중소도시로 구분하여 22개 지자체 446명의 공무원에게 조사를 수행하였다.The purpose of this study was to investigate the recognition of problems about urban and residential environment and the management alternatives of neighborhood units in Korean government officials. A cross-sectional survey was used and the data were collected in 2015. Participants were total 446 government officials who represented 22 local governments including metropolitan cities and small and medium-sized cities in Korea. The main findings of this study are as follows. First, in the aspects of problems in urban and residential environments, the larger the size of the city, the more serious the problem of poor living conditions, and the smaller the city, the more serious the problem of poor management of buildings and land, and the lack of public and convenience facilities. According to the location, all housing environment problems were worse in the metropolitan area, and in the non-metropolitan area, the only problem with the lack of new housing supply was found to be more serious than in the metropolitan area. Second, the historical and cultural assets and ecological and landscape resources were city problems that could be improved by the neighborhood unit management. In particular, the management of historical and cultural resources was highly demanded in large cities and in the metropolitan areas. Third, the management of neighborhood unit was the most needed in the ‘city center and residential area’ areas. Specifically, by the city size, ‘city center and residential area’ and ‘infrastructure and transportation’ were highly needed in neighborhood unit planning at the metropolitan and the small and medium-sized cities. Otherwise, ‘regional resources’ and ‘farming and rural areas’ were highly needed in neighborhood unit planning at the large cities. By location, ‘industry’ and ‘infrastructure and transportation’ were highly needed in the metropolitan areas, and ‘farming and rural areas’ in non- metropolitan areas.