A study on the prevalence and risk factors of coronary artery disease in patients with metabolic syndrome infected and not infected with COVID 19 from El- Oued (Algeria) region

Abstract

Introduction and Aim: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a pathological process described by atherosclerosis plaque in the epicardial arteries. CAD is a chronic process that begins during adolescence and slowly progresses through life. Several traditional risk factors genetics and environmental, involve in the development of atherosclerosis process. This study was aimed to investigate the prevalence of CAD and its associated risk factors among the El Oued (Algeria) population. Materials and Methods: An epidemiological study was carried out on 23422 patients who suffered from cardiovascular diseases. The study of risk factors analysis was focused on 300 voluntary individuals, their origins from different El-Oued areas, and the CAD and metabolic syndrome patients selected from public and private health interests. All the information was obtained by a questionnaire. The risk of socio-clinical factors has been estimated by Binary Logistic regression was carried out between CVD and its associated risk factors. P < 0.05 from two-sided statistical tests was regarded as statistically significant. Results: Through the results presented in our study, we found that the clinical factors such as hypertension (OR=154.846, and; P =0.000), the group aged> 60 (OR=154.84, and; P =0.000 and chest pain (OR=42.667, and; P =0.000), present significant risk factors with CAD patients compared to healthy people (control), respectively, in contrast we show that the most dangerous Socioeconomic factors alcohol consumption and stress respectively for (OR=13.500= and; P =0.001), and obesity (OR=4.495= and; P =0.000), but we estimate that sport is important protective factors for the disease with OR=52.6, P 0.500) in the CAD patients compared to metabolic syndrome patients. Conclusion: The increasing prevalence of risk factors for coronary artery disease among the population has raised concerns for public health, which creates a health threat, especially with inadequate promotion and awareness programs.