A Study on the Prediction of the Temperature and Mass of Hydrogen Gas inside a Tank during Fast Filling Process

Ji-Qiang Li,Jeong-Tae Kwon,Seon-Jun Jang,No-Seuk Myoung,Taeckhong Lee

doi:10.3390/en13236428

Abstract

The hydrogen compression cycle system recycles hydrogen compressed by a compressor at high pressure and stores it in a high-pressure container. Thermal stress is generated due to increase in the pressure and temperature of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank during the fast filing process. For the sake of safety, it is of great practical significance to predict and control the temperature change in the tank. The hydrogen charging process in the storage tank of the hydrogen charging station was studied by experimentation and simulation. In this paper, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model for non-adiabatic real filling of a 50 MPa hydrogen cylinder was presented. In addition, a shear stress transport (k-ω) model and real gas model were used in order to account for thermo-fluid dynamics during the filling of hydrogen storage tanks (50 MPa, 343 L). Compared to the simulation results with the experimental data carried out under the same conditions, the temperatures calculated from the simulated non-adiabatic condition results were lower (by 5.3%) than those from the theoretical adiabatic condition calculation. The theoretical calculation was based on the experimentally measured pressure value. The calculated simulation mass was 8.23% higher than the theoretical result. The results of this study will be very useful in future hydrogen energy research and hydrogen charging station developments.

Highlights

The development of new clean and efficient sources of energy is the only solution for the growing energy shortage, environmental pollution, and ecological deterioration
The results showed that pressure mode has no obvious effect on the temperature rise of type III tanks, but had a significant effect on type IV tanks
When hydrogen gas filling was started in a vacuum state, the condition inside the container of the high pressure tank and the buffer tank was vacuum state, the condition inside the container of the high pressure tank and the buffer tank was called the first cycle analysis, and when the filling process was started in the remaining condition, it called the first cycle analysis, and when the filling process was started in the remaining condition, was called the second cycle analysis

Summary

Introduction

The development of new clean and efficient sources of energy is the only solution for the growing energy shortage, environmental pollution, and ecological deterioration. Hydrogen has become the most promising secondary energy in the 21st century with excellent advantages such as broad source, no polluting product, high combustion efficiency, and reproducible ability It has important strategic significance in solving the problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution across the globe [1,2,3,4]. There are some problems (such as safe and reliable high pressure storage of hydrogen) that need to be studied commercially In this working model, the filling process is equivalent to the expansion process from a high to low pressure container, during which the gas temperature of the tank increases significantly. The main difference with natural gas is the final pressure in the bottles: in CH4 bottles in vehicles, the pressure is in the order of 200–250 bar, while for H2 , it is 700 bar

Methods

Results

Conclusion