Abstract
Although water is an essential element for the survival of all humankind, there are, however, still areas where water is not sufficiently supplied. It is a reality today that supplying energy for producing clean water is also difficult in such areas. This study develops a fresh water generator using solar heat, which is a clean energy source, and a small-scale desalination system which can be configured in parallel so that it can cope with various changes in the water supply situation. In addition, this study has developed a simulation program capable of estimating the optimum installation angle of a solar collector in such a way as to be suitable for the period of water demand, as well as the environment of the installation area, by allowing for the fact that it is difficult to change the installation angle or conditions after the installation of a fixed solar collector. In order to carry out these issues, this study has set up the experimental apparatus of a small-scale desalination system and obtained data on the amounts of fresh water generation depending on solar heat storage temperatures through empirical experiments. By applying the data in the simulation program, this study proposed the optimum installation angle for the necessary conditions.
Highlights
Water is one of the most widely used resources on the Earth
The heat storage control starts to operate at 7:00 a.m., and it can be seen that the thetemperature temperature of the heat storage tank begins to rise from the time when the temperature of of the heat storage tank begins to rise from the time when the temperature of the solarthe solar thermal collector becomes higher than temperature heat storage tank
In order to make it possible to supply fresh water to small island areas or mountainous areas which require water, this study designed and constructed a system capable of generating fresh water by means of solar thermal energy, a clean energy source, measured hourly amounts of fresh water generation according to the heat storage temperature, designed a program for estimating the amount of fresh water generation according to the installation latitude and angle of the solar thermal collector on the basis of the measured data and, derived the optimum installation conditions to meet the needs of the fresh water consumers
Summary
Water is one of the most widely used resources on the Earth. Sufficient water supply is still not fully achieved in some areas of the world. Some countries in the Middle East use multi-stage flash distillation that utilizes oil, natural resources, or reverse osmosis, which utilizes electrical energy in order to desalinate seawater [1]. The desalination methods require massive amounts of fossil fuels or electrical energy. These accelerate greenhouse gas emissions and climate change, which in return may further aggravate the water shortage phenomena [2]. Solar thermal energy is the most stable heat source among the new and renewable energy sources
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