Abstract
Formic acid has attracted much interest owing to potential use in the direct formic acid fuel cells. Photosynthesised formic can be used as a hydrogen carrier because it is liquid at standard temperature and pressure. It is much safer and easier for handling and storing than hydrogen. It can be directly fed to the fuel cell and does not need to be reformed. In this paper, formic acid was artificially photosynthesised in a photocatalytical reactor by using iron ion-doped TiO2. Water was used as a hydrogen source. CO2 was introduced by using continuous bubbling. Highest formic acid yield was obtained at 600 W visible light irradiation by using a 3 g L−1 photocatalyst load and a 5 L min−1 CO2 gas flow rate at continuous stirring. The resultant acid was characterised by using UV–visible absorbance spectrophotometer.
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