A study on the mythological references of the ancient Chaturvarnya system and social balance

Abstract

An ancient system of social stratification called the Chaturvarnya system, sometimes referred to as the caste system, has had a profound impact on the development of Indian society and culture for millennia. This research examines the mythical underpinnings of the Chaturvarnya system's development and justification as well as its effects on the harmony of society in ancient India. The research tries to trace the legendary roots of the Chaturvarnya system through a thorough analysis of ancient scriptures, religious books, and epics including the Rigveda, Puranas, Manusmriti, Mahabharata, and Ramayana. The four varnas (classes)—Brahmins (priests and academics), Kshatriyas (warriors and rulers), Vaishyas (merchants and traders), and Shudras (laborers and service providers)—are assigned various societal responsibilities in these writings, which frequently include tales of divine origins. The study critically evaluates how the varnas and their responsibilities are portrayed in these mythological narratives.