A Study on the Efficiency of Tourism Poverty Alleviation in Ethnic Regions Based on the Staged DEA Model.

Jianchun Yang,Chengcheng Wan,Qian Wu,Jialian Wang,Ying Wu

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.642966

Jianchun Yang, Chengcheng Wan + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.642966

Copy DOI

Abstract

Poverty alleviation through tourism is an important way for China to achieve targeted poverty alleviation and win the battle of poverty alleviation. As a region with deep poverty and great difficulty in poverty alleviation, whether tourism development has injected key impetus into ethnic minority areas needs to be tested by both qualitative analysis and quantitative measurement. This paper takes eight ethnic provinces (regions) in China as an example to conduct an empirical study. Based on the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)-BCC model and Malmquist index, it evaluates the tourism investment and tourism poverty alleviation efficiency of the ethnic regions in the two stages of tourism poverty alleviation, and analyzes them by classification. The results of the study show: (1) The pure technical efficiency in the first stage is relatively high, but the total factor productivity of each region is declining; (2) The pure technical efficiency in the second stage is also relatively high, but the scale efficiency is low, and the change rate of total factor productivity of the provinces in China has increased significantly; (3) The “double high” type includes Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, and Guizhou, and the “double low” type includes Qinghai, Yunnan, Tibet, Xinjiang, and Ningxia. The results of the study generally show that tourism poverty alleviation has brought about the improvement of the living standards of residents and the development of local economy, but the efficiency of tourism poverty alleviation needs to be improved. On this basis, the article puts forward corresponding improvement measures, in order to further help the ethnic minority areas get rid of poverty in a comprehensive way by promoting the efficient and sustainable development of tourism.

Highlights

Poverty is one of the major social problems facing humankind, a severe test that China faces in building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, and the focus of attention for all sectors of society in order to achieve social stability, enhance people’s well-being, and promote human development and progress (Davidson and Sahli, 2015)
Considering the representativeness and typicality of sample selection, as well as improving the richness of tourism poverty alleviation research objects, this paper selects ethnic regions in China with more backward economic development, deeper poverty, and better tourism resource endowment to study the efficiency of tourism poverty alleviation, including the eight provinces of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Guizhou Province, Yunnan Province, Tibet Autonomous Region, Qinghai Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
It can be seen that tourism poverty alleviation has brought about an improvement in the living standards of the residents in the ethnic regions of China and the development of the local economy, but the efficiency of tourism poverty alleviation needs to be improved

Summary

Introduction

Poverty is one of the major social problems facing humankind, a severe test that China faces in building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, and the focus of attention for all sectors of society in order to achieve social stability, enhance people’s well-being, and promote human development and progress (Davidson and Sahli, 2015). Practice has proved that poverty alleviation by tourism has become an important way for poverty-stricken areas to escape the poverty trap and is a regional development model that drives poor areas with better tourism resources to develop their economy and achieve prosperity (Medina Muñoz and Gutiérrez Pérez, 2016). As of May 16, 2020, there are still 52 state-level povertystricken counties in China that have not yet been lifted out of poverty. Whether the development of tourism can effectively alleviate poverty in ethnic areas is still doubtful. The efficiency of poverty alleviation promotes the sustainable development of poverty alleviation by tourism in ethnic areas (Yang et al, 2020)

Methods

Results

Conclusion