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Abstract
The power industry is rapidly changing as demand for eco-friendly and stable power supply increases along with global greenhouse gas emission regulations. Small-capacity renewable power sources represented by photovoltaics and wind are continuously increasing as a form of microgrid to supply electric power to a community or island. As a result, microgrids based on renewable resources have come into wide usage around small areas or islands in Korea. In particular, the microgrid development policy of Korea is focused on electric power quality, as well as expansion in renewable energy supply for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. From 2009, the government began to develop independent carbon-free microgrids with photovoltaic and wind powers instead of traditional power diesel generators for small islands. The goal of this paper is to investigate a feasible economic microgrid topology for implementing the carbon-free island (CFI) under an acceptable level of reliability. First, we derive three scenarios of power systems including photovoltaics, wind, battery, and fuel cells. Next, we assess economic feasibility on top of the power supply reliability of the scenarios. Then, we perform a sensitivity test to suggest economic conditions for achieving the CFI goals. Finally, we present carbon-free-based microgrid models considering the CFI policy of Korea.
Highlights
Climate change, which is partly caused by continued use of fossil fuels in the energy sector, is emerging as an important global issue
The key question is how to optimize the existing island power system, which currently consists of diesel generators (DG), with new renewable sources such as photovoltaic, wind, and energy storage system (ESS)
We ran HOMER to find out the optimal topology that incurs minimum LCOE and meets our unmet criteria under this scenario
Summary
Climate change, which is partly caused by continued use of fossil fuels in the energy sector, is emerging as an important global issue. “carbon-free island” (CFI) or “energy-independent island” is an electricity policy model for stand-alone microgrids, replacing the diesel-oriented power systems with renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic and wind power [2,3]. Microgrids have gained more usage with the goal of saving electricity bills from the consumer side, and with the goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and fuel cost by expanding renewable energy usage from the national point of view [5]. Examples of such policies include eco-friendly energy towns, CFIs, zero-energy buildings, energy self-reliance campuses, and so on. The goal of this paper is to investigate a feasible economic microgrid topology for implementing a carbon-free island (CFI) under an acceptable level of reliability (unmet load) condition
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