Abstract
The corrosiveness of biodiesel affects the fuel processing infrastructure and different parts of an internal combustion (IC) engine. The present study investigates the corrosion behaviour of automotive materials such as stainless steel, aluminium, cast iron, and copper in 20% (B20) and 30% (B30) by volume second-generation Jatropha biodiesel using an immersion test. The results were compared with petro-diesel (B0). Various fuel properties such as the viscosity, density, water content, total acid number (TAN), and oxidation stability were investigated after the immersion test using ASTM D341, ASTM D975, ASTM D445, and ASTM D6751 standards. The morphology of the corroded materials was investigated using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy SEM), whereas the elemental analysis was carried out using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The highest corrosion using biodiesel was detected in copper, while the lowest was detected in stainless steel. Using B20, the rate of corrosion in copper and stainless steel was 17% and 14% higher than when using diesel, which further increased to 206% and 86% using B30. After the immersion test, the viscosity, water content, and TAN of biodiesel were increased markedly compared to petro-diesel.
Highlights
The highest corrosion rate is observed for Cu, whereas the lowest is observed for stainless steel using both biodiesel and diesel
Corrosion characteristics of widely used automotive materials including copper, cast iron, aluminium, and stainless steel exposed to Jatropha biodiesel and diesel were investigated
Concerning the corrosion rate and morphological change, copper is most susceptible to corrosion, followed by cast iron, aluminium, and stainless steel
Summary
Biodiesel is classified as first, second, and third generation based on its source of raw materials or feedstocks. The most widely investigated feedstock is based on edible oil, which is known as first-generation biodiesel [3]. It has been argued that the use of edible food crops for the production of first-generation biofuels effectively reduces the amount of edible food for human consumption, leading to an increase the food prices in the global food market [4]. First-generation biofuels help satisfy the human needs for fuel, at the same time, it takes away some resources intended for more important human needs such as the needs for nourishment. Using edible feedstock for biofuel has sparked the “food vs fuel”
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