Abstract
Nowadays, there is a greater need for energy efficient and stable underwater sensor networks (UWSNs). Underwater sensors usually do not have enough power, so the goal of underwater sensor networks is to make the network have a long lifetime. An underwater heterogeneous sensor network (UWHSN) is one way to cluster the sensors, and the application of UWHSNs is simple and fast, but robots, lifetime and energy-partition are all drawbacks of UWHSNs. In this paper we propose the underwater isomorphic sensor network (UWISN) clustering technology. By analyzing the characteristics of UWISNs, we determine that an UWISN has strong expansibility, mobility, energy-efficiency and long lifetime. An UWISN adopts normal sensor nodes to be cluster heads, and these cluster heads communicate with each other. This paper seeks the optimal number of clusters and uses FCM to elect cluster heads and establish the network. In addition, an idea of real cluster heads and the method to elect them have been proposed. Finally, the simulation results show that the solution is effective and UWISNs can improve the energy consumption of an UWSN.
Highlights
In recent years, along with in-depth study of ocean development, underwater sensor networks have been established for military purposes, such as anti-submarine warfare, communications, positioning and guidance, in addition to increasing water resources position detection, underwater salvage, underwater environment warning [1]
To figure out the Underwater Heterogeneous Sensor Network (UWHSN) issues, this paper proposes an Underwater Isomorphic Sensor Network (UWISN) clustering technology
In order to improve networking flexibility and its achievement of energy balance, this paper proposes of clustering method for underwater isomorphic sensor network (UWISN): (1) Depending on all randomly distributed sensor nodes which are isomorphic, N sensor nodes will be elected as cluster heads, whose residual energy is larger and whose distances from the central node are shorter, the others, as cluster members, communicate with the cluster heads in a single-hop method
Summary
Along with in-depth study of ocean development, underwater sensor networks have been established for military purposes, such as anti-submarine warfare, communications, positioning and guidance, in addition to increasing water resources position detection, underwater salvage, underwater environment warning [1]. Existing underwater sensor cluster networking technologies are mostly based on heterogeneous sensors, that is, the cluster heads are high energy nodes. To figure out the UWHSN issues, this paper proposes an Underwater Isomorphic Sensor Network (UWISN) clustering technology. According to algorithms, clustering technology of isomorphic sensors will periodically elect the best cluster heads on the basis of the current network environment, and the rest of the nodes join in the clusters based on the principle of energy balance. (3) Network mobility will be enhanced, whatever the effects of ocean currents or wind waves, so when sensors deviate from their original locations, they’ll join the other clusters to work. One of the principles of cluster heads election is minimum energy consumption, the isomorphic sensor network lifetime cycle has been extended. Compared with UWHSN, UWISN offers a more flexible network strategy and more reasonable networking rules
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