Abstract
The power system experiences many changes, which are leading to new challenges. The electric energy will no longer be generated only by large power plants, but rather by numerous decentralized energy resources that are primarily installed in distribution grids. In particular, power system restoration processes after a blackout will face new challenges. However, new opportunities by the widespread use of renewable energy resources arise. In this paper, the black start capability of a real distribution grid in Germany, operated by SWW Wunsiedel, will be investigated, as it has a high share of decentralised energy resources and a BESS with black start capability. For this purpose, the medium voltage level of the distribution grid is investigated with static load flow simulations to evaluate the best black start strategy. The driving forces of this black start concept are an 8 MW BESS unit and a 13.5 MW CHP plant.
Highlights
The main goal is a fast resupply of the distribution network during a global blackout by only using decentralized energy resources (DER)
In case of power system restoration of distribution grids, this can lead to frequency instabilities because of a low system inertia
Not all switches in the grid are considered, but only the main circuit breakers located at the primary substation, area 6 and area 7 will be used
Summary
Large synchronous generators, connected to the high voltage level, produce electric energy that supplies loads in medium and low voltage levels. The majority of decentralized energy resources (DER) will be installed at the distribution grid, so that bidirectional power flows will occur. [6] In this paper, the black-start capability of a distribution grid is investigated For this purpose, a study on a real German distribution network with a high share of renewable energy sources (RES) will be evaluated. The main goal is a fast resupply of the distribution network during a global blackout by only using DERs. Besides a quick power restoration of the costumers and in particular critical infrastructure independently, a black started distribution network offers a meaningful support for the global restoration process (Fig. 1).
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