Abstract
Bragg scattering from rough interface of seafloor is one of the main causes of subcritical penetration of sound into seafloor. In this paper, the mechanism of subcritical penetration into rough seafloor is analyzed by Bragg scattering from sinusoidal fluctuation surface, and the condition that subcritical penetration can be induced is discussed. Because the refraction angle of minus order Bragg scattering waves is always smaller than refraction angle of Snell’s penetration wave, the subcritical penetration attributes to the minus order Bragg scattering waves which propagate as normal plane wave below the critical grazing angle. So, in order to obtain the subcritical penetration, the minus order Bragg scattering wave should be considered detailed. The first-order perturbation approximation is used for rough surface scattering usually. In this paper the validity of first-order perturbation approximation for rough surface scattering is also checked by comparing the first-order Bragg scattering wave with high-order Bragg scattering waves.
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