Abstract
Sediment laden flows of high density occur in most natural environments in the world. A certain amount of particles in hyper-concentrated sediment-laden flow plays an important role and has a great effect on the behavior of the flow. Significant erosion and siltation associated with hyper-concentrated floods give rise to many problems. Mudflows that contain large concentrations of clay particles suspended in water are considered to have non-Newtonian hydrodynamic properties but remain largely unknown. In this experimental study, the flow field over a square ribs roughness in an open channel was investigated in detail through comparison with clear water flow by using sodium polyacrylate (PSA) solutions that have viscosity characteristics similar to those of hyper-concentrated sediment-laden flow and applying PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) measurement system to current meters. The experimental results stressed that the total resistance coefficient for the highly viscous PSA solution reached a maximum of 1.76 times the total resistance coefficient in clear water due to the shear-thinning effect of a non-Newtonian fluid.
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