A study on regenerative braking system with Matlab simulation

Abstract

Braking is a process in which a mechanical or electrical device inhibits motion. It is often necessary to brake the motor rapidly and smoothly according to a given speed schedule. Braking torque may be applied by electrical or mechanical methods or combination of both. For both of these processes, a retarding torque is required, which may be supplied mechanically or electrically. Electrical methods are more precise than mechanical methods, where accurate and smooth control of the stopping instant is possible. In electrical braking the kinetic energy of the rotating parts of the equipment gets converted into electric energy. The methods of braking employed in electrical drives can be classified as regenerative, plugging and dynamic braking. In this study, we have discussed the advanced regenerative braking of an electric vehicle and the operation is performed with the help of a brushless DC motor. A comparative study has been carried out by considering various motor drives and we finally concluded that the BLDC motor is the most suitable one for performing regenerative braking operation. The proposed scheme is implemented using MATLAB and the results are illustrated. The results thus obtained are analyzed and using the results, further study is carried out to determine the regenerative power of the proposed system. The PID control is one of the most suitable methods which have been adapted in our scheme to have a fine transition between mechanical and electric braking. The implementation of the PWM technique to the inverter is performed using PID control to maintain the constant braking torque. Thus it is possible to recover energy using our recommended RBS. The extension of the project work carried out here will be to test the circuit on a prototype vehicle.