Abstract
The catalytic pyrolysis of Cirsium arvense was performed with titania supported catalysts under the operating conditions of 500°C, 40°C/min heating rate, 100mL/min N2 flow rate in a fixed bed reactor for biofuel production. The effect of catalysts on product yields was investigated. The amount of pyrolysis products (bio-char, bio-oil, gas) and the composition of the produced bio-oils were determined by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and elemental analysis (EA) techniques. Thistle bio-oils had lower O/C and H/C molar ratios compared to feedstock. The highest bio-char and bio-oil yields of 29.32wt% and 36.71wt% were obtained in the presence of Ce/TiO2 and Ni/TiO2 catalysts respectively. GC–MS identified 97 different compounds in the bio-oils obtained from thistle pyrolysis. 1H NMR analysis showed that the bio-oils contained ∼55–77% aliphatic and ∼6–19% aromatic structural units.
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