A study on prevalence of congenital ocular anomalies in paediatric age group

Abstract

Introduction: Most congenital anomalies are present long before the time of birth, some in the embryonic period (up to the7th week of gestation) and other in the fetal period (8th week to term) Purpose: To study the incidence of congenital ocular anomalies in paediatric age group. Materials & Methods: In this study total 9350 patients were screened. The age and sex of the patient, gestational age, occurrence of consanguineous, distribution of various subtype of congenital anomalies, subtype of congenital cataract, age at presentation and diagnosis were noted. Results: The age variation in the study was between 0-12 years. The maximum number of patients were in the age group of 0-2 years. Male: female ratio was 1:1.4. Number cases were reported in anterior segment with full term delivery.32 cases having no positive history of consanguineous marriage. Total 12 cases were found about chronic dacryocystitis, 8 cases of coloboma of iris and choroid and each 5 cases of congenital cataract and Microhthalmos were found. None of the cases had any history of antenatal, obstetric complication, radiation and drug intake. Conclusion: A prevalence of 0.053% of congenital ocular anomalies. Most common anomaly was congenital dacryocystitis (24%), congenital cataract and microphthalmos being the second most common anomalies (14%) each.