A Study on Mushroom Production in India and Odisha Vis a Vis Global Level

Abstract

In the 21st century, mushroom is seen as the favoured alternate source of food that would help compensate scarcity of nutritious food as mushroom is grown indoors using vertical space and more specifically address the issues of environment sustainability due to recycling of farm wastes. Mushrooms which were earlier found in the forest and forest areas have now been the most prolific and versatile agricultural and horticultural venture. The current study has been undertaken to study the comparative trends in mushroom growth in Odisha, India and world. China is the leading mushroom producer in the world with a lion share of ninety three per cent while India ranks at sixth position with a contribution of slightly more than half a per cent. Odisha, Bihar, Maharastra contribute nearly one third mushroom production in India. In Odisha four districts i.e., Puri, Ganjam, Khurda, Dhenkanal contribute sixty per cent of total mushroom production in the state. The study indicated that the (Compounded Annual Growth Rate) CAGR of world, India and Odisha in mushroom production from 2013-2022 is three, thirty six and sixteen per cent respectively Rajasthan is witnessing a new dawn in mushroom production as it contributed only one per cent with 1300 tons in 2018, is now contributing five per cent with 15000 tons in 2022 with a CAGR of sixty six per cent. Even if with the favourable climatic condition, production of mushroom in the north eastern states of India is negligible. The button mushroom which is the highest contributor in India with seventy three percent contributes only eleven per cent in the world level and one per cent in Odisha. Similarly paddy straw mushroom that contributes almost sixty six per cent in Odisha has a meagre contribution of only one per cent in the global level and seven per cent in India. Oyster mushroom has a uniform share of twenty six per cent in the world, sixteen per cent in India and thirty three per cent in Odisha. It may be estimated that if the current growth rate continues then in the next five years by 2027 the world mushroom production will be around fifty million tons, while the mushroom production in India and Odisha would stand at around six lakhs tons and sixty five thousand tons respectively.