Abstract
Introduction: Lymph nodes are a site for organized collections of lymphoreticular tissue and arepink-gray bean-shaped encapsulated organs. Lymph nodes are among the commonly aspiratedorgans for diagnostic purposes. Lymphadenopathy is of great clinical significance as underlyingdiseases may range from a treatable infectious etiology to malignant neoplasms Fine needleaspiration cytology (FNAC) is a reliable as well as an inexpensive method used to diagnoselymphadenopathy of various sites. Aims: To evaluate the usefulness of FNAC as a diagnostic tool inthe etiological causes of lymphadenopathy and to study the cytomorphological features associatedwith various lymphadenopathies. Materials and Methods: The present prospective study wascarried out in the Department of Pathology at Maharajah's Institute of Medical Sciences,Vizianagaram, a Tertiary Care Centre. A total of 210 patients of all age groups underwent FNAC ofenlarged lymph nodes during this study period. Results: FNAC diagnosis was found to be as follows:tubercular lymphadenitis in 98 cases (46.67%) followed by reactive hyperplasia in 35 cases(16.67%), metastatic carcinoma 29 (13.8%), granulomatous lymphadenitis 27 (12.85%), non-specific lymphadenitis 8 (3.8%), acute suppurative lymphadenitis 7 (3.33%) and lymphoma 4 (1.8).Conclusion: FNAC of lymph nodes is an excellent first-line investigation to determine the nature ofthe lesion. It is quick, safe, minimally invasive, and reliable and is readily accepted by the patient.
Highlights
Lymph nodes are a site for organized collections of lymphoreticular tissue and are pink-gray bean-shaped encapsulated organs
Lymphadenopathy is of great clinical significance as underlying diseases may range from a treatable infectious etiology to malignant neoplasms Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a reliable as well as an inexpensive method used to diagnose lymphadenopathy of various sites
A total of 1100 cases were aspirated in the cytopathology section over one year from March 2017 to March 2018, out of which 210 (19.1%) cases were lymph node FNACs
Summary
Lymph nodes are a site for organized collections of lymphoreticular tissue and are pink-gray bean-shaped encapsulated organs. Conclusion: FNAC of lymph nodes is an excellent first-line investigation to determine the nature of the lesion It is quick, safe, minimally invasive, and reliable and is readily accepted by the patient. They are located at anatomically constant points along the course of lymphatic vessels. Lymphadenopathy is the most common clinical presentation in outpatient department patients which consists of various etiological factors ranging from inflammatory to a malignant condition [1].
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