A study on etiological profile of acute kidney failure in neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit at a tertiary care centre

Abstract

Introduction: Acute kidney failure (AKF) / Acute kidney injury (AKI) Is defined as sudden deterioration in kidney function that leads to the accumulation of nitrogenous waste products (e.g.urea) and alters the regulation of extra cellular fluid volume, electrolyte and acid-base homeostasis. Renal dysfunction due to acute kidney failure is common in high-risk newborn babies and its incidence varies depending upon the criteria used for diagnosis. Materials and Methods: A 18 months study involving all those neonates who admitted in NICU, GGH Kurnool with manifestations of acute kidney injury. The study population comprised of all the neonates suspected or diagnosed with AKF were admitted as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria’s mentioned earlier in NICU, Govt General Hospital, Kurnool between the time period of 18 months from 2019 to 2021. A detailed birth history involving resuscitation, detailed maternal history was recorded as precoded proforma was available. All the inborn deliveries were attended by the pediatric resident. Gestational age was assessed by Modified Ballard scoring system. The physical examination of the baby at the time of admission was recorded in the proforma. Sarnat and Sarnat classification was used for HIE. Results: Among 100 neonates 67 (67%) were male, 33 (33%) were female.