A study on efficacy of high fluence Q-switched neodymium doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser in macular amyloidosis

Abstract

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background: </strong>Macular amyloidosis (MA) typically presents as small, dusky-brown or greyish pigmented macules, treatment of which remains challenging with topical and systemic therapies, however Q-switched neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) laser has proven to be an effective treatment modality to reduce hyperpigmentation. The aim of the study is to study the efficacy of Nd:YAG laser in the management of MA.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>30 female patients were treated with Q-switched Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm with a spot size of 3 mm at a fluence of 6-7 J/cm<sup>2</sup>, frequency of 2 Hz, for 350-500 pulses. Total number of pulses decreased with each treatment session as the intensity of the hyperpigmentation decreased. The procedure was repeated at one-month intervals for a total of 6 treatment sessions.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results: </strong>After completion of treatment sessions with Nd-YAG laser 36.66% patients showed >50% improvement in the pigmentation. 66.6% patients were satisfied with the laser treatment. 33.3% patients showed <25% improvement and unsatisfied with the treatment.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MA remains an enigma and a source of concern for the suffering patients and physicians. Q-switched Nd-YAG laser 1064 nm has shown positive response in the reduction of pigmentation in MA.</p>