Abstract
Present study is aimed to reveal the co evolutionary relationship of four butterfly pollinated flowers Cadaba fruticosa (L.) Druce, Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw., Clerodendrum infortunatum L. and Clerodendrum phlomidis L.f. Not only the floral morphology, nectar quality the main energy source of insects including butterflies is also a promiscuous character which excludes other insects than specified. So, nectar characters of these flowers are studied and found a good correlation with butterfly preferred nectars. Here one-sided adaptation was there and it was described as “non-promiscuous”. It is one of the most significant events in organic evolution.
Highlights
The term Coevolution introduced by Ehrlich and Raven (1964) was primarily intended to refer to the nature of chemical and physical differences of plants against herbivory and of the adaptations of insects to these factors
The joint evolution of two or more taxa that have close ecological relationships and in which reciprocal selective pressures operate to make the evolution of either taxon partially dependent on the evolution of the other can be described as Coevolution
Coevolution includes most of the various forms of population interaction from competition, predation and parasitism to mutualism and cooperation (Odum, 1971; Pianka, 1983)
Summary
The term Coevolution introduced by Ehrlich and Raven (1964) was primarily intended to refer to the nature of chemical and physical differences of plants against herbivory and of the adaptations of insects to these factors. According to these authors, the joint evolution of two or more taxa that have close ecological relationships and in which reciprocal selective pressures operate to make the evolution of either taxon partially dependent on the evolution of the other can be described as Coevolution. Several authors have suggested that though the nectar features and pollination biology have occurred independently in different lines, the convergence of them is the result of sugar intake efficiency of specific pollinators, their digestive abilities and plant adaptation to preferences (Heyneman, 1983; Martinez del Rio et al, 1992; Baker et al, 1998)
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