A study on clino pathological study of postmenopausal bleeding

Abstract

Background: Postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) requires a complete assessment to ensure the absence of malignancy and to identify and treat high-risk patients such as those with endometrial hyperplasia. Objective: To enumerate the age predilection, histopathological diagnosis, incidence of malignancies, and management of postmenopausal bleeding. Study Design: This is a prospective study done in the Department of Obstetrics Gynaecology - at a tertiary care center. Results: A total of 50 patients of PMB were included for study. In the present study, the age difference of postmenopausal bleeding varied from 40-61 years, most common were between the age 50-60 years. The maximum number of people attained menopause at the age of 41-45 years. In our study showed that the maximum number of patients have come with the complaints of postmenopausal bleeding between 5-15 years after menopause. Most of the study population were grand nullipara. A maximum number of patients attained menopause with sudden and cessation of periods (52%). The maximum number of the patient came with the complaint of blood-stained white discharge 40%. In the present study, a cytological study showed the maximum number of patients had an inflammatory pattern of 46%. In the present study, fractional curettage samples on histopathological examination showed atrophic endometrium in the maximum number of patients i.e., 40%. In the present study, fractional curettage samples on histopathological examination showed atrophic endometrium in the maximum number of patients i.e., 40%. The incidence of benign conditions was 46% and the incidence of malignancy is 54%. Conclusion: PMB is a sinister complaint. It requires a careful and timely assessment to eliminate the possibility of malignancy. The risk of endometrial malignancy increases with age. High cervical cancer preponderance stresses the need for education of patients regarding screening and early diagnosis.