A study on clinical manifestations, radiological features, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic changes in various lung diseases associated with cor-pulmonale in patients attending Government General Hospital, Kakinada

Abstract

Cor-pulmonale is an alteration in the structure and function of right ventricle secondary to many broncho-pulmonary vascular diseases and from different chest wall abnormalities. The development of PAH has an important prognostic role, as it significantly increases the risk of hospitalization and is associated with reduced survival.100 patients of cor-pulmonale confirmed by clinical, radiological and electrocardiographic manifestations from outpatient and inpatients in Pulmonology Department, Government General Hospital, RMC, Kakinada, over a period of November 2018-November 2019 were included in the study.Out of 100 study cases, most affected age group is 51-60 years, males were more affected than females maybe because of the fact number of smokers were male. Out of 100, seventy patients were smoker, of which 63 were male and 7 were female. Almost every patient of cor-pulmonale presented with dyspnea and cough and had features suggestive of RHF. On ECG, p-pulmonale was the most common finding followed by right axis deviation for cor-pulmonale. On ECHO, RVSP>60mmHg is found in 56%cases. Radiologically, 48% cases of cor-pulmonale were secondary to chronic bronchitis and emphysema.Echocardiographic screening of all patients with chronic lung disease especially the middle age males and the smokers will benefit in early detection of disease and initiation of treatment, thus improving their prognosis. A combined clinical, radiological, ECG andechocardiographic findings can give clue about progression of PAH and cor-pulmonale.