A STUDY ON CLINICAL EVALUATION OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY AND ITS CORRELATION WITH SERUM HbA1c LEVEL

Abstract

This cross-sectional clinical study titled “A clinical evaluation of diabetic retinopathy and its correlation with serum HbA1c level”was conducted in Hi-Tech medical college,Bhubaneswar from September 2019 to May 2021 by taking 67 patients from ophthalmological OPD who were diagnosed as cases of diabetic retinopathy,but not taking laser therapy and not having other non-diabetic causes of retinal degeneration and having diabetic mellitus of at least one year without considering type of diabetes or treatment taken by the patients.These 67 patients diagnosed as cases of diabetic retinopathy are classified according to their severity basing upon their findings( microaneurysm, exudates, retinal hemorrhages, venous beading , IRMA, new vessels in disc or elsewhere in retina) as per ETDRS(Abbreviated early treatment diabetic retinopathy study) classification as mild NPDR, moderate NPDR, severe NPDR, very severe NPDR, PDR. Their serum glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level of each individual in each group is detected and then mean HbA1c level of each group derived and when correlated ,we found that the mean HbA1c for mild grade of retinopathy was found to be 7.667,for moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR) 8.450,for severe NPDR 9.700,for very severe NPDR 11.447 and for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy(PDR) the mean HbA1c value was found to be 11.468.The P value obtained through ANOVA test for HbA1c vs. grade of diabetic retinopathy was statistically significant (Sig : 0.000).The Eta & Eta squared value for HbA1c vs grade of retinopathy was 0.695 and 0.483.So the present study reveals that more severe grades of diabetic retinopathy manifesting in patients with higher levels of HbA1c