A study on canine distemper virus (CDV) and rabies epidemics in the red fox population via fractional derivatives

Abstract

Several deadly epidemics that have recognized as serious problems all over the world in the last few decades. Lassa hemorrhagic fever, coronavirus, dengue fever, malaria, and HIV are well-known deadly diseases in humans. In this research, we analysed the dynamics of the canine distemper virus (CDV) and rabies epidemics in the red fox population of the northern region of Italy with the help of time-fractional models. We performed our analysis in the new generalized Caputo non-classical derivative sense with the application of the Predictor–Corrector algorithm. We used the data of northern Italy for simulations and estimated the endemic equilibrium points for both CDV and rabies models. Also, we presented the local stability of disease-free equilibrium points. Some theorems are mentioned for the purpose of existence and uniqueness analysis. Our results are perfect for giving an idea of the dynamics of the CDV and rabies epidemic in northern Italy. The dynamics of the given solutions are specified with the help of necessary graphical simulations. The projected algorithm is so effective in finding the solutions of complex dynamical systems. By this study, we give an idea of how applied mathematics is directly connected to biological studies. The major scientific aim of this study is to understand the outbreaks of CDV and rabies on the population of the red foxes by using the texture of fractional mathematical models.