A study on bacteriological profile, drug sensitivity and resistance pattern of isolated organism in neonatal septicaemia in neonatal intensive care unit

Abstract

Background: Neonatal Sepsis is one of the major cause of mortality and morbidity in Neonates. Bacterial pathogens and drug resistance varies from different hospitals areas, regions and countries. Advances in early diagnosis and treatment have led to better prognosis of newborns in NICU. This study will provide the bacterial pathogen causing neonatal sepsis along with their antibiogram. The pattern of susceptibility to antibiotics in NICU at GMERS Medical College centre, was very helpful to start the empirical therapy.Methods: This retrospective study was carried out in GMERS Medical College, Gandhinagar from February 2015 to January 2016. Period in 228 neonates. Out of which 131 cases were positive for blood culture. The positive blood culture was detected by Bactec blood culture system.Results: In present study 131 out of 228 cases were culture positive (57.48%). In gram negative organism Klebsiella pneumoniae was the commonest followed by E. coli (3.05%) and Pseudomonas (2.3%) CONS was the most common isolates in from the group. Klebsiella pneumoniae was sensitive to levofloxacin (9816), imipenem (88.15%) and piperacillin+tazobactam (88.15%). This organism was having less sensitivity to routine 1st line antibiotics like ampicillin (9.2%), gentamycin (27.4%), amikeine (35.5%) amoxy+clavulinic (21%) acid, cefotaxime (25%), gram positive CONS having sensitivity to vanceomycin (8.8%), amkacine, ampicillin, levofloxacin, cefotaxime were having limited effect on CONS organism.Conclusions: There is an increasing trend of antibiotic resistance to the commonly used first line drugs. The pattern of sensitivity is changing hence continuous survelliance for antibiotic susceptibility is needed to ensure correct empirical therapy before blood culture reports are available.