Abstract
An investigation of the effects of CuO, Fe2O3 and MoO3 on decomposition and smoke emission of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) in both the flaming mode and the smouldering mode was carried out using a cone calorimeter (CONE) at an incident heat flux of 25 kW m−2. The combination of decomposition of PVC taken from CONE and thermal degradation taken from TGA allows better understanding of the smoke suppressant mechanism of the metal oxides in PVC. The experimental data strongly support an early crosslinking mechanism based upon smoke parameters and the thermal degradation at early stage in both the flaming mode and the smouldering mode. However, the metal oxides significantly enhance the specific extinction area (SEA) at the late stage in the smouldering mode, and reduce the SEA at the late stage in the flaming mode. These facts demonstrate that metal oxides change components of the flaming volatiles evolved during heating at the late stage.
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