A study of the vertical motion field near the high-latitude summer mesopause during MAC/SINE

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We present the results of high-resolution observations of the vertical velocity field obtained with the EISCAT and SOUSY VHF radars near the high-latitude summer mesopause during the MAC/SINE campaign in northern Norway in 1987. The data reveal an energetic motion field with maximum amplitudes of ~ 10 m/s and characteristic periods of ~5–30 min. Motions exhibit a high degree of vertical coherence and a quasi-periodic structure, with typical durations of 5–10 cycles. Estimates of the mean vertical velocity are downward at lower levels and are near zero or positive at greater heights. The mean vertical velocity variance is found to be ~5 m 2/s 2, consistent with other high-latitude measurements. Frequency spectra computed for each radar are found to exhibit considerable variability, while vertical wavenumber spectra are seen to be somewhat variable in amplitude and to have slopes approaching −3 at lower wavenumbers. These results are suggestive of an energetic spectrum of gravity wave motions near the mesopause that has a large vertical flux of wave energy, that may have observed wave frequencies differing significantly from intrinsic frequencies due to Doppler shifting by large horizontal winds, and that is consistent with the separability of the frequency and wavenumber dependence of the motion spectrum and with gravity wave saturation at sufficiently small vertical scales.