Abstract
Thermal comfort in buildings is usually achieved through sustainable materials obtained from natural sources, which justifies their use for developing building mixtures. Many natural materials were used as early as in ancient times to build homes that are warm in winter and cool in summer: a mixture of straw, clay and sand is an example of such a material. The objective of this article is to evaluate the effect of a mixture of clay, sand and straw on thermal comfort. For the purposes of this study, several types of sample plates were made from clay and sand mixture by adding different amounts of straw. The experiments were carried out and the thermal conductivity coefficient was determined using the method of infinite flat layer. The results indicate that the combination of different amounts of straw can be considered as good reinforcement of the sand and clay matrix and is characterized by a low thermal conductivity. Furthermore, 3D modelling was performed using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software and a predictive model of the thermal behaviour of the samples from the different mixtures was developed. The thermal field distribution and the thermal conductivity coefficient thus determined were compared with the experimental data and showed consistency.
Highlights
Since the beginning of the 21st century, the problem of energy renovation of existing building stock and construction of low-energy new buildings is relevant
Houses made from alternative building materials such as straw, clay and adobe, in which people once lived, are becoming increasingly attractive
Taking into account the tabular values of the thermal conductivity coefficients of the source materials used for the tested samples (dry and wet clay ktablemarl = 0,15 ÷ 1,8 W/(m.K); sand with 10% humidity ktablesand = 0,97 W/(m.K); straw ktablestraw = 0,048 W/(m.K), the samples were found to have a coefficient of thermal conductivity which is within the range of the measurement device [10]
Summary
Since the beginning of the 21st century, the problem of energy renovation of existing building stock and construction of low-energy new buildings is relevant. The main reason for this is global warming and the resulting adverse climate change. Despite the introduction of new technologies and the development of modern and innovative building materials, humanity is returning to its natural habitat. New trends and standards for sustainable architecture and construction are being imposed. Houses made from alternative building materials such as straw, clay and adobe, in which people once lived, are becoming increasingly attractive. Their main advantage is that they are natural materials that have a low carbon footprint [1]
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