A study of the prevalence of dental anomalies among orthodontic patients of different age groups

Abstract

The aim of the work was to determine the prevalence of dentoalveolar anomalies among orthodontic patients of different age groups. According to the analysis, it was found that for 11 months of work, 473 people turned to one orthodontist, which averages from 40 to 45 new visits per month. The largest group was the group of patients aged 18—35 years, which accounted for 66% of the total number of requests. Other age groups were distributed as follows: children under 12 — 20.5%; 12—17 years old — 11.2%; patients aged 36—55 years — 2.3%. Comprehensive orthodontic examination included biometric examination of models, analysis of cone-beam computed tomography, targeted radiography, orthopantomogram and teleroentgenogram. As a result of the studies, it was found that the diagnosis “K07.3 Anomaly in the position of individual teeth. Crowding of teeth” prevailed in each age group and was diagnosed in 88.58% of cases (419 people out of 473 examined). The crowded position of the teeth greatly complicates oral hygiene, contributing to an increase in the level of contamination by microorganisms, the formation of plaque, tartar, the development of dental caries and periodontal pathologies, resulting in early tooth loss. Taking into account the number of requests from patients under the age of 12 (20.5%), it was concluded that it is necessary to popularize orthodontics as a type of dental care that allows you to choose the most effective ways to solve problems caused by dental anomalies in childhood and adolescence with maximum accuracy.