Abstract
The need to protect the environment has generated, in the past decade, a competition at the producers’ level to use, as much as possible, natural materials, which are biodegradable and compostable. This trend and the composite materials have undergone a spectacular development of the natural components. Starting from these tendencies we have made and studied from the point of view of mechanical and chemical properties composite materials with three types of hybrid matrix based on the Dammar natural hybrid resin and two types of reinforcers made of flax fabric. We have researched the mechanical properties of these composite materials based on their tensile strength and vibration behavior, respectively. We have determined the characteristic curves, elasticity modulus, tensile strength, elongation at break, specific frequency and damping factor. Using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) analysis we have obtained images of the breaking area for each sample that underwent a tensile test and, by applying FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) and EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy) analyzes, we have determined the spectrum bands and the chemical composition diagram of the samples taken from the hybrid resins used as a matrix for the composite materials under study. Based on the results, we have suggested that these composite materials could be used in different fields of activity.
Highlights
We study some mechanical properties of some composite materials, which have as matrix three types of Dammar-based hybrid resins, and, separately, for each type of resin, we have used as reinforcing material two types of flax fabric
The characteristic curves for a representative sample of each set of samples from the obtained hybrid resins are presented in the Figure 4
The samples manufactured from composite materials reinforced with flax fabric have been subject to the tensile test
Summary
The synthetic resins have the disadvantage of a restriction of processing due to the high viscosity at melting, phenomenon which occurs at injection molding, and the final product is hard to be recycled. This disadvantage can be removed by using a vegetal oil resin-based thermorigid-biological matrix, which, being biodegradable, does not require a polymerization process (see [1,2,3]). Among the most used vegetal resins are Sandarac, Copal and Dammar These natural resins are insoluble in water, but are mildly soluble in oil, alcohol, turpentine and partially in petrol.
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