Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, hypertension and obesity are associated with endothelial dysfunction. Microalbuminu-ria is an early sign of endothelial dysfunction. The occurrence of microalbuminuria in long standing diabetes mellitus and hypertension is well established. This study intends to find the occurrence of microal-buminuria in non-diabetic normotensive obese individuals. Objectives: To estimate urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) in non-diabetic normotensive obese individuals. Design and Methods: 41 non- diabetic normotensive obese adults with Body Mass Index > 23 kg/m2 were taken as cases and 41 age and sex matched healthy non-obese adults with Body Mass Index < 23 kg/m2 were taken as controls. An-thropometric measurements (Body Mass Index and Waist circumference) and biochemical estimations (fasting blood glucose, lipid profile & spot urinary albumin creatinine ratio) were carried out. Results: urinary albumin creatinine ratio was lesser than the established microalbuminuric range of 30 - 300 mg/g, in both cases and controls irrespective of the values obtained for lipid profile and anthropometric indices. Conclusion: Microalbuminuria may not be present in obese patients without diabetes and/hypertension.
Highlights
Obesity is a chronic metabolic disorder that often results from increase in energy intake or decrease in energy expenditure or a combination of both [1]
Urinary albumin creatinine ratio was lesser than the established microalbuminuric range of 30 - 300 mg/g, in both cases and controls irrespective of the values obtained for lipid profile and anthropometric indices
The urinary albumin levels in cases showed a mean ± SD of 2.34 ± 2.56 and 1.71 ± 2.10 in controls with “p” value of 0.22, which was not significant. Both the cases and controls were divided depending on the urinary albumin levels into 3 categories viz 0 - 5, >5 up to 10 and >10 mg/g creatinine
Summary
Obesity is a chronic metabolic disorder that often results from increase in energy intake or decrease in energy expenditure or a combination of both [1]. A major concern with obesity is cardio metabolic risk frequently associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or diabetes mellitus. Obesity brings about alteration in adipose tissue metabolism and is associated with release of hormones and peptides that contribute to the complications of obesity including metabolic syndrome, type 2 DM and cardiovascular disease [1]. In hypertension and diabetes increased rate of albumin excretion is associated with high risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Elevated urinary albumin excretion rate in microalbuminuric range has been reported to predict increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality even in nondiabetic subjects [5]. In patients with metabolic syndrome which includes insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia and obesity, microalbuminuria is considered as a marker of endothelial dysfunction [6]. This study was undertaken to observe whether or not microalbuminuria is present in obese individuals without DM and hypertension
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