Abstract
The precipitation of three kinds of structures from gallbladder bile of a patient, fractal structure, regular crystal structure, and small disperse granules, was observed in the same sample using Field Emission Gun-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEG-SEM). The results indicated that there was a transition from a linear equilibrium system to a nonlinear and nonequilibrium system, which was discussed using the theory of entropy. The chemical compositions of these three different kinds of precipitates were determined by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). This experimental result revealed that Na and Cl played important roles in the formation of the fractal and crystal structures. Besides, the Aggregation-Diffusion-Fractal (ADF) model was used to explain the growth mechanism of the fractal.
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