Abstract
This paper comparatively evaluated the effect of wet processes and heat setting on the shearing properties of treated and untreated griege Indeo™ Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) and Polyethylene Terepthalate (PET) knitted fabrics. The treated samples were subjected to wet processes including scouring, dyeing, alkaline reduction clearing and softening. The KES-FS was used in measuring shearing rigidity (G1.G2) gf/cm. degree, shear hysteresis at 5%, shear angle (2HG1, 2HG2) and shear angle at 5% (2HG51 and 2HG52) of treated and untreated knitted Ingeo™ Poly (lactic) acid and Polyethyleneterepthalate fabrics in warp (G1) and weft (G2) directions. PLA samples of dimension 200 mm×200 mm were subjected to heatsetting at temperatures of 130EC respectively and increasing times of 15 s, 30 s, 45 s, 60 s, 90 s, 120 s and 240 s using the Werner Mathis infra-red heatsetting equipment. Results showed that for shear rigidity, the control untreated PET exhibited a higher property both before and after undergoing wet treatments and heatsetting treatment. But for 2HG1 and 2HG2 the untreated griege PET exhibited a higher 2HG1 and 2HG2. The reverse became the case after wet treatment and heatsetting where PLA increased in both properties with increasing time of heatsetting and wet processes. G-Shear Rigidity, gf/cm.degree indicated the ease with which the fibers slide against each other resulting in soft/pliable to stiff/rigid structures. Large hysteresis means greater recovery forces will be required to overcome fabric internal friction. Smaller values of 2HG5 indicates good comfort and softness. Too large values of 2HG5 indicates inelasticity and stiffness.
Highlights
Polylactic acid is aliphatic polyester based on renewable materials which have been widely applied industrially
Sixteen samples of pique knitted fabrics obtained from 150/144d Tex/ filament Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) and Polyethylene Terepthalate (PET) were used for this study
After wet processes and heat setting treatments, PET continued with increased shear rigidity properties with increasing time of heat setting and wet processes
Summary
Polylactic acid is aliphatic polyester based on renewable materials which have been widely applied industrially. PLA can be degraded to carbon dioxide and water completely in a natural environment without pollution This implies that biodegradable PLA fibers are eco-friendly. The polymerization reaction occurs in a vacuum at high temperatures releasing water as a byproduct This is followed by the melt extrusion process into staple, filament or tow form [11,12,13,14,15]. The dyeing process of PET initiates with dissolving of the dye in water and subsequently by the transfer of the dye molecules from the solution to the fiber surface. This is immediately followed by the replenishment of the dye bath solution by dissolution o sold material from the dispersion. The chemical treatment of the dyed fabric with caustic soda and sodium hydrosulphite (Na2S2OH) at 70°C around 10-15 minutes is an effective method for removing this unfixed dye from the surface of Received August 30, 2013; Accepted November 30, 2013; Published December 07, 2013
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