Abstract
The impact of array geometry on enhancing channel hardening in mm-wave massive MIMO systems is investigated. As the number of physical radio links increases, small-scale fading is averaged out, leading to a hardened channel and increased communication capacity. A comprehensive analysis is conducted using the physical ray distribution model (3GPP) to investigate the impact of various array geometries on channel hardening. A clear insight is obtained through the derivation of a closed-form relation, providing an understanding of the corresponding effect. Additionally, a novel measure called Array Spread is introduced, offering a practical tool for designing array geometry that minimizes channel variations in every specific physical scenarios. The findings of this study contribute to the overall understanding and optimization of MIMO communication systems, particularly in the context of massive MIMO deployments in mm-wave frequencies.
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