Abstract
The respective concentrations of radon, thoron, and their decay products have been measured immediately above the earth and below the ground, and a study of their correlation with meteorological conditions has been carried out. It was found that the concentration of radon and thoron in the vicinity of the earth's surface depends primarily on the dryness of the ground. Measurements at and below the ground level were carried out by an indirect method, collecting the decay products of radon and thoron on the inner surface of an aluminum cylinder charged to −600 volts. From November 16, 1956, to May 7, 1957, 239 experiments were made. It was found that the concentration of thoron below the ground seems to reach a maximum value at a depth of about 75 cm, whereas the concentration of radon shows a continuous increase within the range investigated. Comparison with other experiments shows that the cylinder method can be used for investigating the exhalation of both radon and thoron at the surface of the ground. The mean value obtained for radon is 6×10−18 curie per cm2 sec. The measurements presented here give the first data on the exhalation of thoron through the air-soil interface.
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