A study of the catalytic and vapour-sensing properties of zinc oxide and tin dioxide in relation to 1-butanol and dimethyldisulphide

Abstract

Thick film sensors were produced from pastes of tin dioxide, zinc oxide and a mixture of the two materials. The sensors were operated at a temperature of 350°C and their electrical responses to 1-butanol and DMDS in the concentration range 1–100 vpm were monitored. Thin film tin dioxide sensors were also fabricated by evaporating tin metal through an oxygen plasma and the resulting sensors tested for their responses to the vapours. A number of commercially available Figaro sensors were also tested against the same vapours for comparison. The sensors comprising tin dioxide and zinc oxide combined gave the largest changes in electrical resistance when exposed to the test vapours. The catalytic effect of tin dioxide, zinc oxide and a composite material of the two upon selected test vapours was elucidated using GC-MS and 1 H -NMR spectroscopy. The results offer some insight into the mechanisms by which metal oxide semiconductors catalytically break down organic vapours at elevated temperatures. The results also show that these mechanisms differ in the case of tin dioxide and zinc oxide.