A STUDY OF TEENAGE PREGNANCY ITS RISK FACTORS AND COMPLICATIONS AT THE TERTIARY CARE CENTER

Abstract

Background: Pregnancy in girls between 10 and 19 years is adolescent or teenage pregnancy. Teenage parenthood comes with dangers and realities that have been well-documented. Material & Methods:This observational study was conducted at Government Medical College, AkolaMaharashtra. 80 teenage mothers admitted to the ward from October 2019 to May 2021 were included after permission from the Institutional Ethics Committee, and consent from the patients & was evaluated regarding teenage pregnancy, its risk factors, and complications. SPSS version 2.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The majority of the patients 68.8% were in the age group of 18-19 years, the mean age of the patients was 17.75 ± 1.22 years. 26.2% of patients were booked, 73.8% had unbooked status. 58.8% had preterm delivery (≤37 weeks), and 41.2% had term delivery. The prevalence of anemia (<10 gm %) was 63.8%. 38.8% of patients were delivered through Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS) and vaginal delivery was performed in 61.2%. 63.8% of patients had anemia while 21.2% and 13.7% of patients developed Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) respectively. 7.5% and 6.2% of patients had antepartum hemorrhage (APH) & intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) respectively. It was observed that unbooked status, preterm delivery, anemia, PIH, IUGR, Low birth weight (LBW), and NICU admission were signicant risk factors for teenage pregnancy. Conclusion: Teenage pregnancies are associated with adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes. Maternal age is an important feature, as several obstetric and perinatal complications are more frequent in teenage mothers than in other age groups. Improving the general health and nutrition of the girl child, increasing the age of marriage and subsequent childbearing, and access to safe abortion services along with adequate antenatal care reduce the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes.