Abstract
Today, despite all sorts of scientific and technological advancements, financial and moral dissatisfaction, unhappiness, and dissatisfaction from life, mercilessness, intolerance, injustice, disloyalty and indifference to what is taking place have been increasing in Turkey, together with the whole world. Countries realizing this issue have made a number of efforts in order to give national and universal values to new generations, which also can be considered as principles of living together, to make them alive and effective again and create some new values convenient for the era. Social control that has almost vanished is aimed to be regained with these efforts. In this study, the perceptions of value of 9th graders in secondary education institutions in central Ankara, which is also included in Turkish Language and Literature Course Teaching Program, were tried to be determined with metaphors. In the research, which was conducted in scanning model with qualitative research pattern, data gathering with metaphors that is a qualitative research technique, which is seen appropriate for data gathering, was used. The study group of the research consists of 107 male and 60 female students (with a total number of 167) who were taking education in five secondary education institutions in central Ankara districts in 2017-2018 academic year's Spring term. As a result of the research, the participants developed 20 different metaphors and these metaphors were grouped into five categories as Gain Meaning With, Result Depending on Importance Shown, Giving Happiness with its Existence, Indispensable, and Guide. Most of the 20 different metaphors on friendship value developed by the participants were described as positive with abstract words; however, few descriptions that had negative connotations were also found. The participants had positive ideas about friendship mostly related to words with concrete meanings, and it can be evaluated that a value like friendship with abstract and moral aspect is materialized.
Highlights
The concept of value which is described as “the collection of materialistic and spiritual elements covering social, cultural, economic and scientific values of a nation” [62] is everything that is sociologically beneficial for the individual and the group, desirable for the individual and the group and liked by the individual or the group [5]
It is doubtless to say that some national and universal values such as “justice, friendship, honesty, self-control, patience, respect, love, responsibility, patriotism, helpfulness, etc.”, which are aimed to be gained in Course Teaching Programs by the end of secondary education, are quite important in order to establish a wealthy society
In order to determine how secondary education 9th grade students perceive friendship value that is included in Turkish Language and Literature Course Teaching Program, qualitative research techniques of data gathering by metaphors and their analysis were used in the research
Summary
The concept of value which is described as “the collection of materialistic and spiritual elements covering social, cultural, economic and scientific values of a nation” [62] is everything that is sociologically beneficial for the individual and the group, desirable for the individual and the group and liked by the individual or the group [5]. An individual that more or less achieves academic and financial success cannot even realise that he is becoming isolated from public sharing, slowly turning into a selfish and pragmatist person in his relationships In this context, it is doubtless to say that some national and universal values such as “justice, friendship, honesty, self-control, patience, respect, love, responsibility, patriotism, helpfulness, etc.”, which are aimed to be gained in Course Teaching Programs by the end of secondary education, are quite important in order to establish a wealthy society. The following questions have been asked: What are the metaphors the participants developed related to friendship value? In which categories are these metaphors put?
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