A study of shell structure in normal to exotic nuclides within relativistic Hartree–Bogoliubov approximation

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to study theoretically the shell structure of even–even isotopes in Si, S, Ar and Ca and isotones at neutron number N = 0, 28, 50 and 82. We employed Covariant Relativistic self-consistent mean field models analogous to Kohn–Sham density functional theory to construct the Nuclear Density Functionals from Lagrangian densities based on meson exchange and point coupling models. The pairing correlations of nucleons are considered by the relativistic Hartree–Bogoliubov functional based on quasi-particle operators of Bogoliubov transformations. The theoretical calculations of shell closure parameter [Formula: see text](N) and the differential variation of the two-neutron separation energy [Formula: see text](Z, N) provide recognizable signature of shell closure at N = 14 and 20 in case of Si, N = 14, 20 and 28 in S, Ar and Ca isotopes and are consistent with recent experimental investigations of new sub-shell gaps.