A Study of Serum Apolipoprotein A1, Apolipoprotein B and Lipid Profile in Stroke

Abstract

Role of Serum Lipids, Lipoproteins and Lipoprotein related variables in the prediction of Stroke is less clear. Abnormalities in plasma Lipoproteins are the most firmly established and best understood risk factors for Atherosclerosis and they are probable risk factors for Ischaemic stroke, largely by their link to Atherosclerosis. Apo B reflects the concentration of potentially atherogenic particles (LDL), and Apo A1 reflects the corresponding concentration of anti- atherogenic particles (HDL), represent additional lipoprotein related variables that may indicate the vascular risk. To study serum concentration of Apolipoprotein A1, Apolipoprotein B, Apo B/Apo A1 ratio and Lipid profile in Stroke Cases and to compare with healthy controls. A total number of 100 subjects within 30 - 70 years were considered for the study. 50 subjects with Stroke (both clinically as well as Computed tomographically proven cases) and 50 age and sex matched healthy individuals were taken for the study. Total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and Triglycerides are estimated by Enzymatic method using Semiautoanalyser. LDL cholesterol is estimated by Friedewald formula. Apo B and Apo A1 are estimated by Immunoturbidimetric method using Semiautoanalyser. Student 't' test was used to compare the data between cases and controls. Diagnostic validity tests were conducted to assess the Diagnostic efficiency of Apo A1, Apo B and Apo B/Apo A1 ratio. Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and Triglycerides are significantly increased in Cases compared to Controls. HDL - cholesterol is significantly decreased in Cases compared to Controls. Apo B and Apo B/Apo A1 ratio are significantly increased and Apo A1 is significantly decreased in Cases compared to Controls. Diagnostic validity tests showed that, Apo B , Apo A1 and Apo B /Apo A1 ratio have highest Sensitivity, Specificity and Diagnostic efficiency. Apo B , Apo A1 and Apo B / Apo A1 ratio can be used as predictors of stroke along with traditional lipid profile components.