Abstract
Background: To analyze the role of PTEN expression in hyperplastic and neoplastic endometrium by immunohistochemistry and to find the grades of PTEN expression in neoplastic, hyperplasic and normal endometrium. Methods: 100 numbers of endometrial samples were studied retrospectively. The tissue were fixed in formalin and taken up for routine histopathological and immunohistochemistry studies. Results: In our study PTEN is well expressed in a score of 2+ and 1+ in cyclical endometrium and hyperplasia without atypia whereas altered PTEN expression was noted in atypical hyperplasias and endometroid type of endometrial carcinoma in a score of 0and 1+. Conclusion: The current study proved that PTEN expression is down regulated in endometrial pathological condition. Immunohistochemical evaluation of PTEN expression was useful in screening precancerous hyperplasia lesions and detecting earliest stage of endometrial carcinogenesis.
Highlights
Endometrial carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the female genital tract and its most frequent subtype is endometrioid type of endometrial carcinoma (Type1 cancers) [1, 2, 3]
In complex hyperplasia PTEN negativity is seen in 22% of cases without atypia and 50% of cases with atypia
Endometrial hyperplasia is defined by the 2003 World Health Organization (WHO) classification as a spectrum of morphologic alterations ranging from benign changes to premalignant disease, caused by an abnormal hormonal environment [6,7]
Summary
Endometrial carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the female genital tract and its most frequent subtype is endometrioid type of endometrial carcinoma (Type cancers) [1, 2, 3]. Endometrial Carcinoma (Type1) usually develops in perimenopausal women in the setting of hyperestrogenism and frequently coexists with CAH (EIN). They are typically low-grade tumors without deep myometrial invasion [2, 3, 4]. The tumor suppressor gene named PTEN (Phosphatase and Tensin Homologue) called MMAC1, is located on chromosome 10q23. It is somatically mutated in several types of tumor [2, 3]. Immunohistochemical evaluation of PTEN expression was useful in screening precancerous hyperplasia lesions and detecting earliest stage of endometrial carcinogenesis
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